kramdown turns any line containing a pipe into a table; GitHub's renderer does not
Fact
Jekyll's default Markdown processor is kramdown, whose table syntax needs no |---| delimiter row: one line containing | characters is a complete one-row table. GFM — what GitHub.com renders repository Markdown with — requires the delimiter row, so the same line is ordinary prose there.
A sentence such as Tangency turns into $|a|=|b|=r$, so … therefore reads correctly in the repository and is rebuilt as a five-cell table on the GitHub Pages site generated from that identical file.
Why it matters
The corruption is silent and content-dependent: the build succeeds, most pages are fine, and only the lines that happen to contain a pipe are wrong — so it surfaces as "this one page looks broken" long after the setup was verified. Pipes are common in prose about absolute values, norms, P(A|B), set-builder notation, divisibility, and shell pipelines.
How to apply
Render the site with the processor GitHub itself uses, rather than escaping pipes by hand forever:
markdown: CommonMarkGhPages
commonmark:
options: [SMART, FOOTNOTES, UNSAFE]
extensions: [strikethrough, autolink, table, tagfilter]
jekyll-commonmark-ghpages ships with the github-pages gem, so no plugin declaration is needed. Note the knock-on effect on math: kramdown rewrites display $$…$$ to \[…\] while CommonMark leaves it alone, so configure MathJax for both delimiter pairs.